4-9 Having Character Build Themselves

這次重構要來修剪Player擁有太多的Component，概念是為了讓遊戲設計師方便調整Player的參數。畢竟Player擁有的Component有Nav Mesh Agent、Capsule Collider、Rigidbody．．．等，且這些Component又都有自帶的參數需要設定，某些設定不需要開放讓設計師調整。

所以本次要讓Character.cs產生大多數的Component。首先將CharacterMovement改名為Character。

在Player新增Character。

以下提供Character.cs修改後的程式碼：

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using System; using UnityEngine; using UnityEngine.AI; using RPG.CameraUI;   namespace RPG.Character{  [SelectionBase]  public class Character : MonoBehaviour  {   [Header("Audio")]   [Range(0.0f, 1.0f)][SerializeField] float spatialBlend = 1f;     [Header("Capsule Collider")]   [SerializeField] Vector3 colliderCenter = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);   [SerializeField] float colliderRadius = 0.3f;   [SerializeField] float colliderHeight = 1.5f;     [Header("Animator")]   [SerializeField] RuntimeAnimatorController animatorController;   [SerializeField] AnimatorOverrideController animatorOverrideController;   [SerializeField] Avatar avatar;     [Header("Movement")]   [SerializeField] float walkMoveStopRadius = 0.2f;   [SerializeField] float attackMoveStopRadius = 5f;   [SerializeField] float moveSpeedMultiplier = 1f;   [SerializeField] float animationSpeedMultiplier = 1f;   [SerializeField] float movingTurnSpeed = 1800;   [SerializeField] float stationaryTurnSpeed = 1800;   [SerializeField] float moveThreshold = 1f;     [Header("Nav Mesh Agent")]   [SerializeField] float steeringSpeed = 1.0f;     NavMeshAgent navMeshAgent = null;   Animator animator = null;   Rigidbody myRigidbody = null;   float turnAmount;   float forwardAmount;     void Awake(){    AddRequiredComponents ();   }     private void AddRequiredComponents(){    CapsuleCollider capsuleCollider = gameObject.AddComponent<capsulecollider> ();    capsuleCollider.center = colliderCenter;    capsuleCollider.radius = colliderRadius;    capsuleCollider.height = colliderHeight;      myRigidbody = gameObject.AddComponent<rigidbody> ();    myRigidbody.collisionDetectionMode = CollisionDetectionMode.Continuous;    myRigidbody.constraints = RigidbodyConstraints.FreezeRotation;      AudioSource audioSource = gameObject.AddComponent<audiosource> ();    audioSource.spatialBlend = spatialBlend;      animator = gameObject.AddComponent<animator> ();    animator.runtimeAnimatorController = animatorController;    animator.avatar = avatar;      navMeshAgent = gameObject.AddComponent<navmeshagent> ();    navMeshAgent.updateRotation = false;    navMeshAgent.updatePosition = true;    navMeshAgent.speed = steeringSpeed;   }     void Start()   {    CameraRaycaster cameraRaycaster = Camera.main.GetComponent<cameraraycaster>();    cameraRaycaster.onMouseOverWalkable += OnMouseOverWalkable;    cameraRaycaster.onMouseOverEnemy += OnMouseOverEnemy;   }     void Update(){    if (navMeshAgent.remainingDistance > navMeshAgent.stoppingDistance) {     Move(navMeshAgent.desiredVelocity);    } else {     Move (Vector3.zero);    }   }     public void Move(Vector3 movement)   {    SetForwardAndTurn (movement);    ApplyExtraTurnRotation();    UpdateAnimator();   }     public void Kill(){    // TODO 需要禁止角色移動   }     public void SetDestinaition(Vector3 worldPos){    navMeshAgent.SetDestination = worldPos;   }     private void SetForwardAndTurn(Vector3 movement){    // 將Wolrd相對的向量轉換成Local相對的向量    if (movement.magnitude > moveThreshold) {     movement.Normalize ();    }    // 將Worldspace的方向轉換成LocalSpace    Vector3 localMovement = transform.InverseTransformDirection(movement);    turnAmount = Mathf.Atan2(localMovement.x, localMovement.z);    forwardAmount = localMovement.z;   }     void UpdateAnimator()   {    // update the animator parameters    animator.SetFloat("Forward", forwardAmount, 0.1f, Time.deltaTime);    animator.SetFloat("Turn", turnAmount, 0.1f, Time.deltaTime);    animator.speed = animationSpeedMultiplier;   }     void ApplyExtraTurnRotation()   {    // help the character turn faster (this is in addition to root rotation in the animation)    float turnSpeed = Mathf.Lerp(stationaryTurnSpeed, movingTurnSpeed, forwardAmount);    transform.Rotate(0, turnAmount * turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime, 0);   }     void OnMouseOverWalkable(Vector3 destination){    if (Input.GetMouseButton (0)) {     // 設置地點為滑鼠點擊的位置     navMeshAgent.SetDestination(destination);     navMeshAgent.stoppingDistance = walkMoveStopRadius;    }   }     void OnMouseOverEnemy(Enemy enemy){    if (Input.GetMouseButton (0)) {     // 設置地點為Enemy的位置     navMeshAgent.SetDestination(enemy.transform.position);     navMeshAgent.stoppingDistance = attackMoveStopRadius;    }   }     void OnAnimatorMove(){    if (Time.deltaTime > 0) {     Vector3 velocity = (animator.deltaPosition * moveSpeedMultiplier) / Time.deltaTime;     // 保持y軸的速度不變     velocity.y = myRigidbody.velocity.y;     myRigidbody.velocity = velocity;    }   }     void OnDrawGizmos(){    //繪製攻擊範圍    Gizmos.color = new Color(255f, 0f, 0f, 0.5f);    Gizmos.DrawWireSphere (transform.position, attackMoveStopRadius);   }  } } </cameraraycaster></navmeshagent></animator></audiosource></rigidbody></capsulecollider>

修改完成後，便可以將Player其他的組件都刪除啦！如下圖這樣刪除Component。

最後讓Player保持乾淨，只剩下Transform跟我們撰寫的Script。後面的重構會再將Movement的部分移出來，往後不管是Player、Enemy、NPC等角色，只要依據需求引入我們撰寫的Script即可，比方說NPC不需要技能也不需要血量，就引入Character、NPCAI、Movement。Enemy也可以視需求選擇引入Special Abilities等等。

所以，將這些功能解構出來的好處顯而易見！

Character打開後的屬性設定視窗如下圖。

執行遊戲以後，Character便會在Player底下自動新增組件。